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    | Applications | Performance | Cost | Strengths & Weaknesses | Future Development | Vendors |

    Batteries

    There are a wide variety of battery technologies presently in use, in addition to many more types that are in development. Below are links to six battery companies.

    Energizer, headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri, offers a full line of battery products, including alkaline, carbon zinc, miniatures and rechargeable batteries.

    Evonyx, Inc., located in Hawthorne, New York, develops zinc-air (Zn-Air) batteries and fuel cells.

    Ovonic Battery Company (Energy Conversion Devices) of Troy, Michigan is a leading developer of nickel metal hydride (NiMH) batteries.

    Panasonic Industrial Company, based in Secaucus, New Jersey, manufactures numerous types of batteries, including lead-acid, carbon-zinc, lithium, lithium-ion, nickel-cadmium and nickel metal hydride.

    Sony Corporation, with American headquarters in New York, New York, is a developer of alkaline and lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries.

    Ultralife Batteries, Inc. of Newark, New Jersey is a developer of lithium and polymer rechargeable battery technology.

    Flow Batteries

    VRB Power Systems, Inc. - Headquartered in Richmond, Canada, VRB Power Systems Inc. is an energy storage technology developer which is marketing, selling and manufacturing products utilizing the patented VRB Energy Storage System.

    Utility Savings & Refund, LLC - California Affiliate for VRB Power Systems

    ZBB Energy Corporation - a leading innovator of energy storage systems - is breaking industry ground by providing turn-key energy storage systems to utility companies, industrial and commercial organizations.

    Flywheels

    Flywheels have gained a great deal of attention recently due to their potential to increase power quality and reliability. The following are links to six flywheel developers.

    Active Power, located in Austin, Texas, has developed two flywheel power systems that can handle DC loads up to 250 kW and 500 kW, respectively, for short periods of time. In additon, the company has teamed with Caterpillar in the development of battery-free UPS systems.

    AFS Trinity, with manufacturing facilities in Livermore, California, produces flywheel power systems for stationary and mobile applications.

    Beacon Power of Wilmington, Massachusetts has developed a flywheel power system that stores 2 kWh of usable energy for communications applications.

    Pentadyne, based in Sun Valley, California, has developed a flywheel that supplies up to 120 kW of electricity for up to 20 seconds, or any other combination of 2400 kW-seconds.

    Precise Power Systems, headquartered in Palmetto, Florida, is a developer of flywheel power systems for power protection applications.

    Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES)

    There are few developers of superconducting magnetic energy storage technology. Below is a link to one of the leading companies.

    American Superconductor, headquartered in Westborough, Massachusetts, manufactures SMES systems for power quality and reliability markets.

    Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES)

    Only two compressed air energy storage facilities exist in the world today, while more sites are under development. The following is a link to one of the leading developers of CAES facilities.

    CAES Development Company LLC, based in Houston, Texas.

    Ultracapacitors

    Maxwell Technologies, Inc., headquartered in San Diego, California, is a developer of ultracapacitor technology for automotive, industrial, electronic, and medical markets.

    EPRI PEAC, Knoxville, Tennessee, Russian super capacitors technology


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    Page Updated: January 18, 2002