2019 Residential Appliance Saturation Study (RASS)

The California Residential Appliance Saturation Study (RASS) is a comprehensive study of residential sector energy use. The California Home Energy Survey is the primary data source for the RASS.

For the 2019 study, the survey was sent to California residents from August 2019 through February 2020 in mail and online versions. Select households were asked to provide information about their appliances, heating and cooling equipment, use of solar or electric vehicles, and general energy use.

Participating investor-owned utilities included Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E), San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E), Southern California Edison (SCE), and Southern California Gas Company (SoCalGas). Publicly owned utilities included the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) and Sacramento Municipal Utility District (SMUD).

The CEC hired DNV GL Energy Insights USA, Inc. to conduct the study.

Project Design and Method

The 2019 survey was methodologically consistent with the 2009 and 2003 surveys. Data was collected through surveys administered via a web portal or a paper booklet. Participants were selected randomly by utility service area, climate region, home type, and energy consumption level. A random selection of California homes were recruited by email or mailed invitations, or both, to participate in the survey. The data was made anonymous upon collection.

Report documents are available at California Residential Appliance Saturation Study (RASS).

RASS 2019 data was previously made available via the DNV Residential Appliance Saturation Study database, which was retired August 2026. Data available for request are below. RASS 2019 cleaned survey data is also available. RASS data requests should be directed to RASS@energy.ca.gov.